Gayelynn Mckinney

There are various kinds of loans available in banks and among the most familiar types of bank financing are long-term loans, short-term loans, personal loans, and real estate loans. This piece of writing discusses briefly the function of each of these bank loans to provide its readers a basic perception of how bank lending works.

Long-term loan normally runs from one year to a decade. They are usually made by medium size enterprises to finance expansion and upgrade. Large businesses tend to avoid this type of financing as too costly; thus, they prefer to raise funds by giving out bonds or stock.

Short-term loans are obliged by many businesses to pay current bills, meet payrolls, and maintain inventories of goods. These loans are ordinarily repaid in 30, 60, or 90 days as the businesses sell their merchandise or collect bills from customers. For this reason they can be conveniently handled business commercial banks that have a high percentage of demand deposits. Short-term loans are also available to individuals.

Personal or installment loans available in many banks are made in varying amounts and sometimes require a pledge of property as a collateral or security for the payment of the loan. Instead of the entire loan being repaid at one time, the loan is repaid in parts. A partial payment is made each month over a stated period, which may be as long as many years. Installment credit is generally used by a borrower for a major purchase such as a car or a computer.

Real estate loans are made to finance the purchase or improvement of land or buildings. The borrower usually gives a mortgage on the property to guarantee settlement of the loan. The rate of interest charged by a bank on real estate loans is typically somewhat higher than that on other types of loans.

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